Benghazi, Libya – The destruction of a significant part of Benghazi’s historical centre in March 2023, including buildings of Italian colonial heritage, occurred in the middle of the night without the consent of the local population. The Libyan military conducted the operation to clear debris from past and ongoing conflicts and make way for a new, modern centre. However, the reconstruction has been haphazard, with some buildings replaced by modern ones while others, like the Berenice Theatre, remain in rubble. This destruction has effectively erased a large part of modern Libyan history, including the loss of the iconic Berenice Theatre, which held a special place in the hearts of locals.
The erasure of colonial-era architecture and heritage across Libya is evident, with Tripoli also undergoing a restoration and modernisation process, albeit more gradual and without overnight bulldozing. Tripoli’s restoration has faced controversies, with some feeling it lacks expertise to preserve buildings authentically. The disappearance of Italian colonial statues in Tripoli, such as those of gazelles and cheetahs, has left many feeling a sense of loss for their childhood memories and social gathering spots.
Architect and activist Sarri Elfaitouri reflects on the importance of architecture in shaping society and public spaces. He returned to Libya after studying abroad during the civil war, witnessing the devastating effects of the conflict on Benghazi’s old centre. Despite the destruction, he saw a minor social will for revival as displaced citizens slowly returned and revitalized the scarred buildings and spaces.
Teacher and curator Aisha Bsikri also returned to downtown Benghazi after the war and experienced a range of emotions. The reconstruction efforts have led to a mix of excitement, relief, stress, and tension as the city rebuilds and attempts to preserve its heritage amidst the challenges of modernization.