“Everyone desires dependable and swift internet, and a high-quality router can make a difference. However, navigating through the complexity of standards, confusing acronyms, and futuristic features to understand how they translate to better Wi-Fi in your home can be challenging. Join us as we demystify Wi-Fi, routers, mesh systems, and other technical jargon to help you make an informed decision when purchasing a router.
Updated as of November 2024: We have included information on alternatives to purchasing a new router, the introduction of Wi-Fi 7, updated average speeds, details on how mesh systems utilize bands, additional information on ports and speeds, as well as some helpful links.
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Who Is Your Internet Service Provider?
Internet service providers (ISPs) connect your home to the internet and typically provide you with a modem and router (sometimes combined into one device). The modem links your home to the broader internet, while the router connects to the modem, enabling you to connect all your devices—either wired or wirelessly—to the router for internet access. ISPs often charge a rental fee for this equipment, and their routers are usually basic in terms of performance and features. The good news is that ISPs are no longer permitted by law to mandate the use of their equipment or charge you for using your own hardware. However, you may still need to return their equipment to avoid fees.
In this guide, we mainly focus on using your own router and your ISP’s modem. By using your own router, you may save money in the long run and enjoy faster Wi-Fi, improved coverage, easier setup, and additional features like parental controls and guest Wi-Fi networks. We will explore various router options, but ensure compatibility with your ISP before making a purchase. You can also check your ISP’s forums for discussions on using different routers and modems. A little research before shopping can prevent future headaches.
What Kind of Router Do You Need?
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There are several ways to enhance your Wi-Fi speed, and investing in a new router is one of the most straightforward options. To determine the type of router that suits your needs, calculate the approximate square footage of your home.
Single Router: For most individuals, opting for a single router or a router and modem combo is the simplest solution. Keep in mind that this device needs to connect to your existing socket or modem via Ethernet cable, limiting its placement. The Wi-Fi signal strength is highest near the router and diminishes as you move further away. If possible, position your router centrally in your home and in an open area. Routers typically indicate coverage in square footage, but factors such as thick walls and other devices can interfere with Wi-Fi signals, resulting in reduced speeds at longer distances. Powerful routers with broad coverage often feature multiple external antennas and come at a higher price.
Mesh Systems: If you have a large home, desire extensive coverage in your garden, or experience dead spots due to thick walls, a mesh Wi-Fi system may be the solution. Mesh systems consist of a central hub that connects like a single router, along with additional satellites or nodes that you can place throughout your home. Devices connect to the internet through the nearest node, expanding Wi-Fi coverage and ensuring a more reliable connection in various areas. Each node requires a power outlet. Mesh systems are pricier than single-router setups but offer enhanced coverage, reliability, and additional features. They are typically compact and designed to blend with your decor. Most mesh systems are expandable, allowing you to add more nodes as needed. Some manufacturers enable you to link individual routers to create a mesh system. Ensure compatibility with your devices before purchasing.
Alternatives to a New Router:
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If your main concern is coverage or improving Wi-Fi in a specific room or for a particular device, you may not necessarily need to purchase a new router. Consider these alternatives, each with its own technical challenges and potential drawbacks. While not as convenient as a mesh system, these options are more cost-effective.
Ethernet Cables: Before Wi-Fi became prevalent, Ethernet cables were used to connect devices to routers. Ethernet connections are faster, more stable, and more secure than Wi-Fi. However, the device must have an Ethernet port, and you need to run cables from your router to the device. If you need to connect multiple devices, use an Ethernet switch. For optimal performance with a mesh system, consider running Ethernet cables between the main router and nodes to create a wired backhaul.
Power Line Adapters: Sold in pairs, power line adapters transmit an internet signal through your electrical wiring. One adapter connects to a power outlet near your router and is linked with an Ethernet cable, while the other adapter plugs into a power outlet where you need faster internet. Power line adapters are suitable for scenarios where your router is far from devices like consoles or smart TVs, but effectiveness depends on your electrical wiring.
MoCA (Multimedia Over Coax Alliance): If your home already has coaxial cables (e.g., for cable TV), you can utilize them to establish a reliable wired network for high-speed, low-latency connectivity. Purchase routers, network adapters, or Wi-Fi extenders that support the MoCA standard to leverage existing coaxial cables for internet access.
Wi-Fi Repeaters: Wi-Fi repeaters extend the Wi-Fi signal from a single router to cover more areas and potentially enhance signal strength in dead spots. While they are a viable solution for some users, Wi-Fi repeaters can be inefficient, prone to interference, and create a separate network with a different name from your main Wi-Fi network. Consider opting for a mesh system or adding a second router for improved performance.
Access Points: For those willing to undertake a challenge and have an extra old router, configuring it as an access point or Wi-Fi extender can be effective. This method works best when the old router is connected to the main router via cabling, although configuration may be complex.
What Speed Do You Need?
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When determining the appropriate router speed, several factors come into play. Your ISP determines the maximum internet speed you can access, typically measured in Mbps (megabits per second). The global median fixed broadband speed is 94 Mbps for downloads and 49 Mbps for uploads, as reported by Ookla’s Speedtest. ISPs often advertise speeds up to a certain limit, but the actual speed you receive is often lower and must be shared among all connected devices.